Conditional Sentence

Conditional Sentences

Conditionals are statements with if or unless. You can use conditional clauses to talk about a possible situation and its results.

There are 2 kinds of Conditionals :
1. Real/ Factual conditionals : When you are talking about something which may possibly happen in the future, you use this type of conditional


• If + subject + verb 1 + object, subject + auxiliary verbs + verb 1 + object
• Subject + auxiliary verbs + verb 1 + object + if + subject + verb 1 + object


Note : - auxiliary verbs that can be used to describe a real possibility are can, must, will, may.
Example :

a. If you need rice, salt and sugar, you can buy them at the market.
b. If they like fresh vegetables, they must buy them at the market.

2. Unreal/ contrary-to-fact conditionals : When you are talking about something that you think is unlikely/impossible to happen, you use this type of conditional.


• If + subject + past verb + object, subject + past auxiliary verbs + verb 1 + object
• Subject + past auxiliary verbs + verb 1 + object + if + subject + past verb + object

Note : - Past form of to be in unreal present condition or imaginary is were not was.
- Past auxiliary verbs : could, should, would, and might.

Example :
a. If I were you, I would continue my study
Means/the fact : I am not you, so I will not continue my study.
b. Etty would come to the party if I invited her.
Means/the fact : I don’t invite her, so Etty will not come to the party.



A. Complete the following sentences by changing the verbs in the brackets.
Example : If Winarni left me, I ______ (be) sad.
If Winarni left me, I would be sad.

1. Many workers would be out of work if the company ________(close) down.
2. If the lady sold her house, she ________ (not/got) much money for it.
3. Would you be angry if I _______(borrow) your book.
4. Yenni would be disappointed if you ________(not/come)
5. Renni might be annoyed if they _______(ridicule) her.

B. Answer these questions like the example.
Example : Is she going to meet you? (Her mother) be angry
No, if she met you, her mothe would be angry.

1. Is Rudi going to join the camping? (he/make troble)
No, if he ____________________________________
2. Are you going to take Etty to Bali? (Ann/be jealous)
No, if I ___________________________________
3. Are you going to find a job? (I/leave my grandma)
No, if I __________________________________
4. Is Tuti going to study in University? (she/have much money)
No, if she __________________________
5. Are they going to bed now? (they/not/sleep)
No, if they ____________________________
C. Find the meanings of the following sentences.
Example : If she were a butterfly, I would be its wings.
She is not a butterfly, and I will not be its wings.

1. If I were rich, I would spend all my time traveling.
2. She might be sleepy if she didn’t drink coffee.
3. If the price of ticket were low, people could buy it.
4. Julie would be happy if she got married.
5. They might be angry if I didn’t meet them.

Answer Keys

1. Closed
2. Would not get
3. Borrowed
4. Didn’t come
5. Ridiculed


1. If he joined the camping, he would make a trouble.
2. If I took Etty to Bali, Ann would be jealous.
3. If I found a job, I might leave my grandma.
4. If she studied in University, she might have much money.
5. If they were in bed now, they might not sleep.


1. I am not rich, and I won’t spend all my time traveling.
2. She doesn’t drink coffee, so she may not be sleepy.
3. The price of ticket isn’t low and people can’t buy it.
4. Julie doesn’t get married so she will not be happy.
5. I meet them and they may not be angry.