Passive Voice

Simple Present Tense
(A) S + V1(es/s) + O
(P) O + to be (present) + V3 + by + S
Active : My mother cooks the meal every day.
Passive : The meal is cooked by my mother every day.

Simple Past Tense
(A) S+ V2 + O
(P) O + to be (past) + V3 + by + S
Active : My mother cooked the meal yesterday.
Passive : The meal was cooked by my mother yesterday.

Present Continuous Tense
(A) S + to be (present) + V1 + ing + O
(P) ) + to be(present) + being + V3 + by + S
Active : My mother is cooking the meal at the moment.
Passive : The meal is being cooked by my mother.

Past Continuous Tense
(A) S + to be (past) + V1 + ing + O
(P) ) + to be(past) + being + V3 + by + S
Active : My mother was cooking the meal when my father came.
Passive : The meal was being cooked by my mother when my father came.

Past Perfect Tense
(A) S + have/has + V3 + O
(P) O + have/has + been + V3 + by +S
Active : My mother has cooked the meal before the children came home from school.
Passive : The meal has been cooked by my mother before the children came home from school.

Past Perfect Tense
(A) S + had + V3 + O
(P) O + had + been + V3 + by +S
Active : My mother had cooked the meal before the children came home from school.
Passive : The meal had been cooked by my mother before the children came home from school.

Modals
(A) S + modals + V1 + O
(P) O + modals + be + V3 + by + S
Active : My mother will cook the meal this afternoon.
Passive ; The meal will be cooked by my mother this afternoon.

note;
Modals : can, may will, could, would, might, etc

Change the sentences into passive form!

1. They canceled all flights because of the fog.
2. Somebody accused me of stealing the money.
3. They are building a new ring-road round the city.
4. I didn’t realize that someone was recording our conversation.
5. Brian told me that someone had attacked and robbed him in the street.
6. People should send their complaints to the head office.
7. They have changed the date of the meeting.
8. Soomebody might have stolen your car if you had left their key in it.
9. An electrical fault could have caused the fire.
10. They are going to hold next year’s congress in San Francisco.

Answer Keys

1. All flights were canceled by them because of the fog.
2. I was accused of stealing the money.
3. A new ring-road round the city is being built by them.
4. I didn’t realize that our conversation was being recorded.
5. Brian told me that he had been attacked and robbed in the street.
6. Their complaints should be sent to the head office.
7. The date of the meeting has been changed by them.
8. Your car might have been stolen if you had left the key in it.
9. The fire could have been caused by an electrical fault.
10. Next year’s congress is going to be held by them in San Francisco.